1A Docket First Amendment · Utah

Guides

General information about Utah law. Not legal advice.

Updated August 6, 2026 Utah Code § 78B-25

How a UPEPA motion works

From being served to the appeal, and the deadlines that can end a case before anyone looks at who is right.

Note on this guide

This guide describes state-court procedure. In federal court, the deadlines, briefing rules, and appeal paths below do not apply. 1A Docket tracks federal cases in the tracker and federal questions on the holdings page.

Day 0Plaintiff

Complaint or petition served

The clock starts on the day the defendant is served, not the day the case is filed.

Within 60 daysDefendant

Special motion for expedited relief

Must be filed within 60 days of service. A court may allow a later filing only for good cause.

§ 78B-25-103
On filingAutomatic

Everything is supposed to stop

In theory, filing the motion automatically stays all proceedings between the parties, including discovery and any pending hearing or motion. In practice here in Utah, judges appear to still be considering motions during the UPEPA process.

§ 78B-25-104(1)
14 / 7 daysBoth parties

Briefing

Opposition due 14 days after the motion. Reply due 7 days after the opposition. Objections to evidence in a reply, and responses to them, run 7 days each.

Utah R. Civ. P. 7 · See the briefing sequence in detail →
Easy to missEither party

Request to Submit for Decision

If no party files this, the motion is not submitted for decision. An expedited statute does not move on its own.

Utah R. Civ. P. 7(g)
optional: limited discovery, § 104(4)
Within 60 daysCourt

Hearing

Must be held within 60 days after the motion is filed, or within 60 days of an order allowing limited discovery.

§ 78B-25-105
Within 60 days of the hearingCourt

Ruling

Must issue within 60 days after the hearing. The court considers the pleadings, the motion, the response, and evidence admissible on summary judgment under Rule 56.

§§ 78B-25-106, -108

The test inside the ruling

One motion, three questions. The judge answers all three in the same ruling, and the answers can differ from one part of a claim to another. § 78B-25-107(1)

1. Does the act cover the claim?

The moving party has to show the claim is based on one of three things: something the person said in a government proceeding, something the person said about an issue a government body was considering or reviewing, or the person’s exercise of the rights of speech, press, assembly, petition or association, guaranteed by the United States or Utah Constitution, on a matter of public concern. § 78B-25-102(2)

2. Is the claim carved out anyway?

The responding party can show the act does not apply. There are three carve-outs: claims against a government body or its people acting officially, claims by a government body enforcing a law against an imminent threat to public health or safety, and claims against a business over communications about selling or leasing its goods or services. § 78B-25-102(3)

3. Can the claim stand up?

If the act covers the claim and no carve-out applies, the judge dismisses it unless the responding party makes out a prima facie case on every element. Even then the moving party can still win, by showing the claim fails to state a cause of action, or that there is no genuine dispute about any material fact.

A dismissal under this section is with prejudice, and the section reaches a cause of action, or part of a cause of action.

the ruling

Granted

Dismissal with prejudice

Dismissal is with prejudice. § 107(1)

The court shall award the moving party costs, reasonable attorney fees, and expenses related to the motion. § 110(1)

Applied inAston v. Chronicle-Progress (2026 UT 7) limits that to work reasonably necessary to prosecute the motion, not the whole case.
Denied, in whole or in part

Appeal within 21 days

Appealable as of right. § 109

Notice of appeal due in 21 days, not 30. URAP 4(a)(2)

The stay continues until the order is entered and the time to appeal has run. If an appeal is filed, all proceedings between all parties are stayed. § 104(2)–(3)

Within 14 days of judgmentPrevailing party

Motion for attorney fees

Filed no later than 14 days after the judgment is entered. It must specify the basis for the award, the amount claimed, and the factors showing reasonableness.

Utah R. Civ. P. 73(a)–(b)
With the motionPrevailing party

Supporting affidavit

Must reasonably describe the time spent and work performed, giving the name, position, and hourly rate for each person who did the work, and establish that the claimed fee is reasonable.

Utah R. Civ. P. 73(c)
14 / 7 daysBoth parties

Opposition, reply, and the fee order

Briefed like any other motion: opposition 14 days, reply 7. The court may decide liability for fees before receiving submissions on amount, in which case an objection to the affidavit and proposed order is due within 7 days.

Utah R. Civ. P. 7 and 73(d)
What the award can coverCourt

Related to the motion, not the whole case

Section 110 reaches costs, reasonable attorney fees, and litigation expenses related to the motion. A responding party recovers only where the court finds the motion frivolous or filed solely to delay.

§ 78B-25-110
Applied inAston v. Chronicle-Progress, 2026 UT 7, holds that "related to the motion" means work reasonably necessary to prosecute the special motion. A $394,000 award covering essentially all work in the case was reversed.